We provide below detailed answers to the questions posed by the Commission, but at a high level, the Council is particularly concerned about the lack of resilience in New Zealand’s road and rail network. The Council believes that Government should identify essential freight corridors linking to inland and coastal ports and ensure that we have a fully resilient road and rail network, supplemented by coastal shipping where appropriate, to ensure resilience for our exports and imports. The Council notes that New Zealand ports have proven very resilient in their own right. This resilience is enhanced by New Zealand’s multi-port system. While the ports are largely resilient, the road and rail links to these ports are not.